Как создавалась мировая пожарная статистика

Abstract

Purpose. The article presents a brief history of the world fire statistics creation since the formation of the Center for World Fire Statistics in 1995. The article presents the results of the main indicators statistical study of the fire situation in the world for 30 years and the distribution of integral fire risks using the example of several countries (Russia, Hungary, Czech Republic, Austria, Great Britain, Poland, USA). The main objectives of the study are to review the periods of global fire statistics development, to analyze indicators characterizing the number of fires and their consequences in the world for the period from 2012 to 2021. Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics have been used. Findings. The article presents the main historical milestones in the creation of a system for recording global indicators of the situation with fires and their consequences. The results of a statistical analysis of the fire situation in the world for the period from 1993 to 2021 are summarized. The dynamics of relative indicators of the fires and death toll in fires in the above countries is presented. Research application field. The results of the study can be used by fire service specialists from around the world for a comparative analysis of the fire risk level in countries and cities. Conclusions. Over 28 years the Center for Fire Statistics (hereinafter referred to as CFS) has analyzed 104 million fires, in which 1.1 million people died. At the same time the Center annually collects statistical data from 35–40 countries and the largest cities in the world (with a delay of 2 years). In total, CFS reports have been translated into 8 languages. Since 1993 the CFS has published 28 statistical reports in the public domain. Thus, it becomes possible to analyze the fire situation in countries and cities around the world.