Социальная адаптация представителей прекариальных работ

Abstract

The uberization of the economy generates the creation of new jobs in which the employee does not require high qualifications. Such work allows more people who do not have special skills and knowledge to find a source of income, however, with this type of relationship, the employer relieves himself of responsibility for the social security of the employee, and also excludes direct communication with him. The employee in this case is not part of the company, but works as a freelancer, doing low-skilled work, which is also characterized as unstable or, in other words, precarious. All this leads to the problem of social adaptation of workers who are forced to take care of themselves in a number of aspects. In the course of this work, the main goal was to identify adaptive practices of precarial workers. A review of the theoretical and empirical research conducted on the topic of precariatization of labor allowed us to identify three main areas in which it makes sense to develop the topic of adaptation of precarious workers: the formation of life strategies that involve future planning, relationships with the employer and collective strategies to protect their interests. In the course of the study of social adaptation, it was found that precarial work is considered mainly as temporary, and getting an education in the future should contribute to avoiding such activities. At this stage of life, courier work is an instrument of adaptation to current difficulties or needs, and due to the fact that this work is an additional, not the main employment, the income received from this activity is not perceived as one that can provide a future independent life. Although the life strategies of free-hire couriers are rather vague, they still exclude unstable work, which means that future social adaptation within the precarious work does not take place.