Влияние танинов коры лиственницы даурской (Larix dahurica Turez) в составе энерго-протеиновой кормовой добавки в рационе молочных коров на гомеостаз организма и молочную продуктивность

Abstract

Research has been carried out. at the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after. L. K. Ernst.The purpose of the study was to increase the energy-protein value and use of nutrients in the diet in the nutrition of dairy cows by introducing into it an energy-protein concentrate and an extract of Dahurian larch bark (Larix dahurica Turez), ExtraKor, (EPC + EB, produced by Ametis JSC), which includes proanthocyanidins (condensable tannins) – 65 %, dihydroquercetin – 16 % and phenolic acids in terms of ή-hydroxybenzoic acid – 14 %. The research was carried out on the dairy farm of the collective farm named after. M. A. Guryanova, Zhukovsky district, Kaluga region, on two groups of kholmogor × black-and-white crossbred cows in free-stall conditions with the formation of production and technological groups according to calving dates in an amount of 20–25 heads with milking in the milking parlor on a milking machine that takes into account daily milk yield . In the control and production groups, analogs by age of 10 animals each were selected to study the state of metabolism and chemical composition of milk. The main diet for feeding cows consisted of traditional feed and was designed to produce 25 kg of milk per day. The cows of the experimental group were additionally included in the diet with 1 kg of EPC+EB, made from recycled products of the confectionery industry and microbiological synthesis protein with the inclusion of Dahurian larch bark extract (Larix dahurica Turez) in dosages per 1 kg of product 682, 300 and 12 respectively. 1 kg of concentrate contained 957 g of dry matter, protein 137,8 g, fat 51,7 g, fiber 19,8 g, BEV 602,4 g, incl. sugar 167,9 g, calcium 25,0 g, phosphorus 4,6 g, magnesium 0,55 g, metabolic energy 11,18 MJ/kg. The inclusion of EPC+EB in the diet of dairy cows during the transit period of the production cycle balanced the energy-protein nutritional value of the diet and had a positive effect on protein-nitrogen, lipid-carbohydrate, mineral metabolism, on the functional state of the liver and on morpho-hematological parameters, which generally reflected on the productive health of cows, which led to a higher realization of the bioresource potential of milk productivity in relation to the control ones. As a result, the cows of the experimental group have an average daily milk yield at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd months. lactation was 20,7; 23,8 and 24,5 kg, which was 11,5; 24,6 % (p<0,01) and 20,0 % (p<0,05) higher than in controls, respectively. The fat content in milk in cows of the experimental group was 4,49 (p<0,02) and 3,83 % (p<0,01) versus 3,91 and 3,26 %, and protein 3,32 (p<0,001) and 2,95 % (p<0,001) versus 2,91 and 2,63 in cows of the control group, respectively, in the 1st and 2nd month of lactation.