Економічний аналіз технологій акумулювання електричної енергії

Abstract

The use of cost-effective large-scale electrical energy storage systems is necessary for the reliability of the power system due to the rapid growth of its production by powerful renewable energy sources. The article examines stationary electric energy storage devices, namely: sodium-sulfur; lead-acid; lithium-ion; nickel-cadmium; vanadium reduction, polysulfide-bromine and zinc-bromine flow batteries; supercapacitors; superconducting magnetic energy. Information from open sources on technologies of electric energy storage has been analyzed. As a criterion of optimality in world practice, the weighted average cost of electric energy for the life cycle is used, which ensures the self-sufficiency of the source of its production or accumulation for the entire cycle of its existence. A comparison of modern technical and economic indicators of various electrical energy storage technologies is made. Calculated average cost of electrical energy storage over the life cycle (LCOS) of various storage devices. It was determined that supercapacitors and superconductors of magnetic energy have the lowest cost of storage, and lithium-ion ones have the highest. Therefore, to minimize short-term power fluctuations in power systems, superconducting magnetic and supercapacitor storage devices are preferable. They have a lower cost of electric energy storage, short response time and high specific power.