Abstract
Abstract In recent years, with increasing renewable power generation integrated into power grids, especially wind and solar power generation, various electric energy storage (EES) technologies, such as battery energy storage, have achieved fast development. The role of EES in the power system is important. The application of EES in the power system spans generation, transmission, distribution, and customer side of operations. There is a variety of energy storage technologies with different characteristics, which can be categorized as mechanical, electrical, electrochemical, thermal, and chemical energy storage. For application, it is necessary to select suitable energy storage technologies, considering not only a comparison of their comprehensive performance but also how they can work in combination with conventional means in power grids. Although the various EES technologies are maturing at different paces, all of them are making progress. EES has wide market potential and will greatly benefit the integration of renewable power generation and the stable operation of smart grids.
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