Архаика и гостеприимство в экофилософской перспективе

Abstract

The article presents the results of an analysis of the logic and ethos responsible for the environmental crisis of our time, and the conditions for the possibility of exiting it through their transformation. Despite the fact that this problem has been repeatedly discussed by researchers, such a factor as “disenchantment of the world” (Max Weber) remains undeservedly ignored. On the one hand, its result is anthropocentrism, around the figure of which values and ethos strategies are subsequently formed, leading to the thoughtless use of natural resources and environmental pollution. On the other hand, there is the objectification of the “world” and the “other-alien”, which is deprived of its own ontological foundations. It is the communal practices of constructing the “other-alien” on a conventional basis that are largely responsible for the lack of effectiveness of environmental programs and initiatives. Thus, the subject-object episteme that dominates the “disenchanted” new European “world” not only initiates the environmental crisis of our time, but also creates an obstacle to exiting it. The idea of the reclamation of the “archaic” has analytical value for ecophilosophy, the “otherrationality” of which allows us to go beyond the boundaries of new European thinking, covered with a thick layer of technocratic illusions, political phantasms and value fictions. At the same time, archaic “other-rationality” is not exclusively a mental phenomenon, but is cast in ritual practices. The ritual of hospitality seems to unfold a symbolic map of “worlds” “here-now”, linking the past, present and future and inextricably connecting different “worlds” and their inhabitants. The subject-object matrix of vision and action is completely inappropriate in its execution, and therefore the ontic experience generated by it, in its constitutive principles, is very far from the experience of modern European man. As a symbolic “anthropotechnique”, hospitality can become a kind of provocation for a cognitive, existential and social turn, which will make responsible human interaction with the “world”, permeated with an attitude of participation and care, possible.