Визначення етнополітичного сепаратизму як суспільного явища

Abstract

Currently, the entire world community is entering a new era, which is characterized by the emergence of numerous and widespread phenomena and challenges of world civilization, such as international terrorism, progressive nationalism, religious intolerance, as well as increasingly persistent political separatism. The disintegration of a number of political states in Asia, Africa and Europe, the destructive potential of disintegration of peoples that have existed for a long time within the framework of a single statehood, give grounds to believe that political separatism goes beyond the framework of not only national, but also regional security, acquiring an increasingly international aspect. These separatist movements use not only peaceful demonstrations in their arsenal, but violent forms such as uprisings also carry terrorist threats. Extremist acts in this context represent a form of realizing a separatist goal, acquiring more and more new forms and methods. Certain political, nationalist, religious organizations of a separatist orientation use violent methods. The current political situation shows that separatism becomes a tool and means of struggle for subjects of political activity in the process of achieving their goals. At the same time, it turned out to be profitable for political organizations, movements and individual politicians to use extremism. Numerous cases of world disorder, irresponsible attitude to manifestations of political – national separatism led to the fact that at present separatism has acquired a large-scale and all-encompassing character, and political conflicts are extremely violent, acting as extremism and terrorism. It is argued a necessary prerequisite for the stability of a polyethnic state is a more or less homogeneous cultural space, a common political culture, a single ideological dominant. Achieving just such a state will, apparently, be the most effective means of preventing separatism in multinational states.