부정의 문화로서 니체·루만·묄러의 도덕비판론

Abstract

As a cultural critique for morality, this article attempts a meta-criticism for morality from the ‘theoretical level’ and at the same time seeks an alternative attitude of life from the ‘realistic level’. This article, with the motto of ‘negative ethics’, examines in turn the theories of Nietzsche, Luhmann, and Moeller as master of critics for morality. Nietzsche and Luhmann’s reputation as critics for morality is overwhelming. Nietzsche’s criticism is unparalleled in strength and subversive. His theory that exposed ‘the will to power’ of morality through ‘slavery morality’ can be said to be a classical model of critique for morality. Sociologist Luhmann has his unique precise systematic guidance and bird’s eye view of the functionally differentiated modern society, and in this process, he ‘critically’ meets morality. He criticizes morality that as the moral code of ‘respect/ignorance’ spreads, many humans are measured in a holistic way, which becomes the spark for many conflicts. Moeller advocates an ‘amoral’ position that is detached from morality and the so-called ‘moral fool’ based on it. After systematically reviewing these scholars’ criticism, I synthesize them and suggest my own alternatives.