Хирургическое лечение ретинопатии недоношенных: исторический экскурс

Abstract

Purpose. Тo study the change in approaches to surgical treatment of ROP in the historical aspect. Large-scale multicenter researches have begun in the world to study the mechanism of ROP development since 1951. For decades, knowledge about the pathogenesis of ROP has been expanded, confirmed in practice, and since the 80 s of the last century, the development of various methods for the treatment of active ROP, depending on the stage of the disease, has begun. It has been proven that cryo- and laser retinopexy of the avascular peripheral retina is an effective method of stabilizing the pathological process in the active stages. With the accumulation of experience, it became obvious that if after laser treatment it was not possible to achieve regression of the disease, and objective markers of its further progression are determined, then expectant tactics does not make sense. The search for a clear correspondence between a pathogenetically substantiated method of treatment and the timing of its implementation to the stage of the pathological process of ROP remains relevant nowadays. Conclusion. The history of the surgical treatment of ROP is the way of the development of knowledge about this disease. Currently, a promising direction in the management of patients with active PH is to shift the timing of treatment to earlier stages. Keywords: retinopathy of prematurity, surgical treatment, vitrectomy.