Abstract
The human gut microbiome is a large, complex, and dynamic microbial community consisting of 1014 microorganisms of more than 1000 species, which is equivalent to 4•106 genes. Interactions between the gut microbiota and drugs are complex and critical to the efficacy of some pharmaceutical products. In addition to biotransformation of drugs, the gut microbiota can regulate their activity by direct changes in host metabolism and synthesis of metabolites that compete with the receptors of the respective drugs. Objective. To analyze the domestic and international literature on the interaction between commonly used drugs and microbiota to understand the importance of these interactions for the therapeutic process, increase the efficacy of drugs and reduce their side effects. The article details the interaction of the gut microbiota with metformin, statins, proton pump inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and statins. It was found that the gut microbiota is an important factor in the efficacy of the above-mentioned drugs, which should be considered in a personalized therapeutical approach. Key words: microbiome, gut microbiome, pharmacotherapy, metformin, statins, proton pump inhibitors, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, laxatives
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