초등학교 학급응집력 집단상담 프로그램 개발 및 효과

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Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop a group counseling program aimed at enhancing class cohesion in elementary schools and to verify the program's effectiveness. Methods To design the program, literature analysis and previous research were reviewed, resulting in an 8-session program tailored to the grade level of the study participants. To verify the program's effectiveness, a pre-test using a class cohesion scale was administered to fifth-grade classes at an elementary school in S City, Gyeonggi Province, to ensure homogeneity. Two classes were assigned to the experimental and control groups, respectively. The developed class cohesion group counseling program was conducted with the experimental group. After the program, a post-test using the class cohesion scale was administered to both the experimental and control groups. Independent sample t-tests and paired sample t-tests were conducted using SPSS 28.0. Additionally, participants' experience reports from each session and the researcher's observations were included in the analysis. Results The study results are as follows. First, an 8-session group counseling program was designed to improve the sub-factors of class cohesion, including emotional bonds, open self-expression, participatory attitude, and willingness to care. Second, the post-test scores of the experimental group (M=3.95) who participated in the class cohesion group counseling program were significantly higher than those of the control group (M=3.33), showing a meaningful effect (p<.01). Conclusions The class cohesion group counseling program used in this study was confirmed to have a positive effect on the class cohesion of elementary school students. This study is significant as it designed and demonstrated the effectiveness of a group counseling program to enhance class cohesion among elementary school students, who have experienced a crisis of cohesion due to the acceleration of the digital age and the resulting individualization, particularly exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of tools like Chat GPT.