КОНЦЕПТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ СУСПІЛЬНОЇ НЕДОВІРИ ДО ФІНАНСОВОГО СЕКТОРУ ЕКОНОМІКИ

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Public distrust of the financial sector is an urgent problem that significantly impacts the stability of the economy and the financial system. It is widely recognized that trust is crucial for the effective functioning of financial institutions, credit relations, and financial markets. However, due to financial crises, corruption schemes, bankruptcies, and other negative phenomena, society often goes through periods of general distrust towards financial institutions, their services, and their management. This public distrust can have severe consequences for the economy, such as limiting access to credit, encouraging uncontrolled withdrawals of deposits, destabilizing the financial system, and threatening economic stability. systematic review of the literature and various approaches reveals that despite extensive and intricate studies on trust in the financial sector, there is considerably less attention from the scientific community regarding the interpretation of the phenomenon of distrust and the conceptualization of the concept of distrust in the financial sector. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze existing approaches to the interpretation of distrust and to formulate a concept of public distrust in the financial sector. The study presents an analysis of three approaches to interpreting the phenomenon of distrust. The first approach considers trust and distrust as different states within the same phenomenon. The second approach proposes a continuum concept where trust and distrust are opposite phenomena within the same continuum. According to the third approach, trust and distrust can coexist simultaneously. A careful analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of all three approaches reveals that distrust should be considered within the framework of a continuum theory, which encompasses the concepts of distrust, trust, and mistrust. Furthermore, it is evident that distrust can acquire a social character due to established cultural-historical and behavioral norms of the society living in a particular territory, shaped by a shared historical experience. The analysis of existing references linking distrust in the financial sector with financial crises in the literature, along with a comprehensive examination of approaches to the interpretation of distrust, allows for the definition of the concept of public distrust in the financial sector. This study can serve as a basis for further scientific discussions on mistrust in the financial sector, the search for mechanisms to influence it, the identification of its distribution channels, and the implementation of practical tools to overcome it.