Ефективність виробництва молока в спеціалізованих аграрних підприємствах

Abstract

The article describes the current state and efficiency of milk production in specialized agrarian enterprises of Ukraine. It is emphasized that in the conditions of globalization of the agro-industrial complex the important role is given to specialized dairy enterprises, because the level of maintenance of Ukrainian population by extremely important food products depends on their effective development. It is established that the crisis phenomena in dairy farming of agricultural enterprises are caused by a decrease in investment attractiveness, lack of economic interest in the production of milk; the imperfection of the economic regulation of the development of dairy cattle by the state; the deterioration of the provision of agricultural enterprises with material and technical resources, etc. It is substantiated that increasing the level of concentration and specialization of production is the key to the successful development of the livestock industry. Due to the introduction of innovative technologies, modernization of equipment for optimized feeding of animals, and also the provision of a high quality animal feed stock, specialized agrarian enterprises provide high technological quality and quality of produced products. It is proved that in conditions of high concentration of milk production in private households it is impossible to provide the processing industry with high quality raw materials, therefore, it is necessary to focus on the formation of the optimal parity ratio of households' farms, family farms and specialized large-scale farms, which will ensure a reduction in the cost price of milk and increase the price at the expense of top quality products. Based on the research, it is found that in the conditions of orientation towards European markets, the strategic task of the state should be the revival of specialized commodity dairy farms, the formation of large holdings, associations and complexes, introducing advanced technologies and the achievement of breeding science. It is possible to fulfill the tasks with balanced equilibrium between demand and supply at milk and dairy products market.