НОВЫЕ СОРТА ОЗИМОЙ ТРИТИКАЛЕ СЕЛЕКЦИИ САМАРСКОГО НИИСХ

Abstract

The evaluation of new zoned varieties of selection of the Samara Research Institute in the region for possible use in various fields of agriculture was carried out in 2018-2022 in the laboratory of breeding and genetics of soft wheat, triticale sector in the fields of the Samara Research Institute, located in the chernozem steppe of the Middle Volga region. The object of study was four varieties of winter triticale included in the register of the Russian Federation. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that, on average, the Capella, Spica and Arcturus varieties exceeded the Crumb standard by 0.03-0.44 t/ha. The highest yield is established on the Spica variety – 4.86 t/ ha. The new varieties significantly exceeded the Crumb variety by the weight of 1000 grains by 5.60-8.10g, by the weight of grain from the ear by 0.26-0.40 pcs. In terms of the number of drops, the Arcturus and Spica varieties significantly exceeded the standard by 62.6-122.8 C. The dependence of grain productivity, green mass, ear on climatic conditions is analyzed. Correlation analysis at the phenotypic and genotypic level is given. As a result of many years of purposeful breeding work, three new triticale varieties of different uses have been bred, which surpass the Crumb variety in yield and quality, which gives farmers a choice and will allow them to sell triticale grain grown at the price of valuable wheat.