ЗАЩИТА СЛИВЫ ОТ ТЛИ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТАТАРСТАН

Abstract

The research was carried out for the purpose of a comparative assessment of the use of plums in plant protection against aphids by biological and chemical means in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. The experiments were performed in 2020-2021. The objects of the study were varieties and forms of domestic plum (Prunus domestica L.): early fruit ripening - blue-eyed; medium term - Kazan; mid-late period - selective hybrid 8-4-52. The scheme of the experiment included the following options: control (without treatment), biological preparation Lepidocide, chemical insecticide Iskra M. In 2020-2021. in the control, in Sineokoy and Kazanskaya, average damage to leaves and shoots (25%) of plum aphids was noted, in the hybrid 8-4-52 - severe (31.7%). Four times treatment of trees of the Sineokaya variety with a biological preparation reduced damage by aphids, compared with the control, by 15%, Kazanskaya - by 2.5 ... 15%, hybrid 8-4-52 - by 5.8 ... 6.7%. Double spraying of Sineokaya and Kazanskaya varieties with Iskra M reduced damage by 5.8...15% compared to the control, hybrid 8-4-52 - by 5.8...6.7%. In 2020, on average for varieties, treatment of plants with Lepidocid was slightly (by 1.9%) more effective than treatment with Iskra M. In 2021, biological and chemical preparations showed the same effectiveness in protecting against aphids. The share of influence of factor A (preparations) on the damage of aphids was 40.6%, factor B (varieties) - 3.3%, interactions of factors A and B - 1.8%, factor C (years) - 0.2%, interactions factors A and C - 2.1%, interactions of factors B and C - 34.2%, interactions of factors A, B and C - 9.6%. The use of the biological preparation Lepidocide in the protection of plum plants from aphids will allow the production of biologically safe fruits of the crop in the Republic of Tatarstan.