Abstract
The article is devoted to the issue of considering the process of metaphorization of nouns with abstract semantics (authority, fear, grief, joy, anger, dispute, life, time etc.) in relation to the theory of conceptual metaphor (J. Lakoff, M. Johnson, V.A. Uspensky, N.D. Arutyunova, Yu.D. Apresyan, E.S. Kubryakova, Yu.S. Stepanov, E. Cassirer, Z. Kövecses, etc.). According to this theory, during metaphorization, abstract nouns are conceptualized in the form of concrete ones and semantic correspondences between the source domain and the target domain are established. The article discusses issues related to the characteristic of the human brain to find correspondences between concrete and abstract objects, between material and spiritual entities and the process of metaphorization, which is a consequence of such a characteristic of the brain. The author examines in detail on the main postulates of the theory of conceptual metaphor: on the history of its creation, on the interpretation of the term “conceptual metaphor”, on the principles of comparing one target domain with several source domains and one source domain with different target domains; describes the types of hierarchical systems of cognitive metaphors; analyzes the mechanism of “constructing reality” by selecting and applying a specific source domain for a specific target domain and gives examples of “metaphorical conclusions.
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