Abstract
Introduction: In addition to recognizing and taking into account the vital need for the maintenance and repair of historical structures, this study will focus on their inherent design potential at the intersection of the new and the old. Purpose of the study: The study aims to review the approach to restoring such landmarks as the library in Vyborg and the Arsenal building in the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. We will also focus on the restoration of more mundane structures. In addition to historical monuments, this study will look at instances when there is no attempt to return the buildings to some idealized version of the past, but instead, the restoration process is used to celebrate the qualities of the buildings’ age in the here and now, and to recognize that they are living, evolving, and constantly changing entities. Methods: The study uses the method of analysis, which we apply to the standard solutions for various purposes and objects, in the form of structural and technological protection of cultural heritage sites during their restoration and adaptation. The use of modern restoration materials and protective structures’ construction technologies will help protect the environment while taking into account LEED, BREEAM, the Energy Star program (the USA), and the GREEN ZOOM standards. Results: We offer selected examples from contemporary practice in Europe, the United States, and Russia to illustrate these approaches to restoration, including two student-led architectural installations that explore the creative intersection between the new and the old. Discussion: Discussing the execution of specific restoration and reconstruction projects reveals the importance of international cooperation in the development of educational strategies and practices in the field of conserving and restoring the cultural heritage. The growing volume of conservation and restoration work is putting pressure on the development of research approaches and methodologies aimed at solving practical problems. At the same time, the restorer must be mindful of continuity with the past when reconstructing the more mundane and utilitarian structures that can benefit from less restrictive approaches to the intersection of the old and the new.
Highlights
In addition to recognizing and taking into account the vital need for the maintenance and repair of historical structures, this study will focus on their inherent design potential at the intersection of the new and the old
This issue has already been raised by undergraduates of the Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. In his final master’s thesis in 2018, Ayat Alnajar proposed solutions for the construction of enclosures over historical buildings and structures, using the preservation of cultural heritage in Jordan as an example. This technical solution has a number of advantages when applied to archaeological work and the restoration of cultural heritage sites: 1. There is no precipitation in the work area
By using construction materials and technical solutions taken from the official catalogs of construction companies, one can design buildings that meet the requirements of international standards such as LEED, BREEAM in Europe, Energy Star in the USA, and the Russian standards of green construction (GREEN ZOOM)
Summary
The preservation of architectural monuments periodically involves conservation and restoration, which is provided with a theoretical rationale. The existing structural and technological solutions for the construction of outdoor canopies over cultural heritage sites during restoration and adaptation can be supplemented and improved with the use of new technical solutions for geodesic domes made out of timber and high-strength polymers (Handel, 2013). This will significantly reduce the strain in the load-bearing structures, as compared to metal and reinforced concrete, and provide an opportunity to take care of the environment in accordance with European LEED, BREEAM, the Energy Star program (the USA), and the Russian GREEN ZOOM standards (Tuan, 1974).
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