PRINCIPLES OF PROTECTION AND USE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES IN TERMS OF ECOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS

Abstract

The article investigates the principles of protection and use of cultural heritage sites in terms of ecological optimization of residential areas. The concept of cultural heritage object is defined and the order of definition of protection zones of cultural heritage objects in the conditions of ecological optimization of settlement territories is established. The principles of formation of the status of a cultural heritage object are revealed and the legislative basis is described. The concept of "territory of cultural purpose" is separated. Describes the problems of protection of cultural heritage sites, the main of which include the complexity of the content of objects, the search for the necessary funds for restoration, to solve which it is necessary to attract external sources of funding other than the state. The generally accepted ways of solving the outlined problems are given and the principles of their realization are substantiated, namely the necessity of complex application is emphasized. The classification of the process of reconstruction of cultural heritage is presented, the main directions of which include: restoration, regeneration, revitalization, revaluation, improvement and new construction. Each of these classes is described according to the method of implementation on site. It is emphasized that the protection zones of cultural heritage sites are areas adjacent to the included in the register of monuments and ensembles, and within which, in order to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage sites and compositional and species links, the construction of capital construction projects and their reconstruction related to changes in height, number of floors, area, except for construction and reconstruction of linear objects. The boundaries of the protection zone of the cultural heritage object are structured according to the zones of location of the latter. The directions of the relation of the state supervision in the field of protection of objects of cultural heritage to the principles of realization of the state support are defined. The list of possible measures of influence of citizens and legal entities in the field of protection of cultural heritage objects in the conditions of ecological optimization of settlement territories is offered.