ПРОФЕСІЙНА ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ КВАЛІФІКОВАНИХ РОБІТНИКІВ НА ОСНОВІ STEM-ОРІЄНТОВАНОГО ПІДХОДУ

Abstract

In recent years, there is a growing role of natural and mathematical training of future skilled workers, which meets the requirements of high-tech modern production. The end result of technical and vocational education should be motivated active applicants for qualifications who strive for continuous professional development, self-realization and career growth. Applicants for technical and vocational education need quality general education, which becomes an important foundation for mastering professional activities. The general education component of the basic structure of curricula for the training of skilled workers is divided into social-humanitarian and natural-mathematical parts. Natural and mathematical training occupies one of the leading positions in terms of the volume of the subject load in physics and mathematics, which are the basis for mastering the subjects of the vocational cycle, which requires the latest approaches to learning. One of the directions of innovative development of natural and mathematical education is the STEM teaching system. The article theoretically substantiates the possibilities of using the STEM-oriented approach in the training of future skilled workers. Based on the analysis of legal documents, modern theory and practice, the essence of STEM-oriented approach is revealed, the leading idea of which is the design of subjects, disciplines, courses on an interdisciplinary basis. Various aspects of the implementation of STEM education in Ukraine are presented on the example of the experience of native scientists and representatives of the pedagogical community. Peculiarities of natural and mathematical training of future skilled workers as an important foundation for mastering professional activity are determined. The importance of taking into account the interdisciplinary links of fundamental, general technical and professional-theoretical disciplines is emphasized. Forms of educational process, methods and means of natural-mathematical training on the basis of STEM-oriented approach are singled out, in particular projects, integrated lessons, quests, excursions, hackathons and others. Key words: skilled worker, interdisciplinarity, natural and mathematical education, vocational and technical education.