Abstract
3D printing technologies are used to make spare parts for agricultural machinery. Among other things, the use of 3D printing in this area is restrained due to insufficiently high mechanical properties of the resulting parts, which occurs due to poor adhesion between plastic layers during printing. To eliminate this problem, the author proposes to carry out vacuum impregnation of 3D-printed parts in epoxy resin. The aim of this work is to assess the change in the tensile strength and the impact strength between the 3D-printed polymer samples and the 3D-printed samples impregnated in a polymer compound, as well as to reveal the behavior of these properties depending on the structure of the 3D-printed frame. The frames of the samples were made of polylactide on a 3D printer using the FDM technology with different percentages of filling (20, 33, and 50%). During the printing process, layers of plastic were stacked in longitudinal and transverse directions relative to the sample axis. Subsequent impregnation was carried out in a vacuum chamber. As a result of the tests, it was found that for any geometry the mechanical properties of the impregnated samples are higher than those of the non-impregnated ones, and the anisotropy of the strength properties for the impregnated samples with different directions of layers was found significantly reduced (the anisotropy coefficient decreased from 2-5.5 to 1). The material destruction type is fragile. For samples of the longitudinal type, an increase in mechanical properties is observed with an increase in the percentage of 3D printing filling. On the contrary, samples of the transverse type have a tendency to decrease their level of properties. In this regard, for structures experiencing loads in different directions during operation, it is recommended to use an intermediate ratio between the base plastic and the impregnating composition (33:77%, respectively).
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