НОВЫЕ РОЛИ РАБОТНИКОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

Abstract

Global changes taking place in the economy under the influence of digitalization and automation are inevitable, and society needs to accept and take into account their positive and negative aspects. The research objective is to study the structure and specifics of the interaction between people and technology and the impact of new technologies on the work environment and process, highlighting the positive and negative aspects. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the work of domestic and foreign researchers devoted to issues of digitalization and automation in industry, opportunities and threats of the transition to Industry 5.0. Results. The main idea of the concept is human-centricity – people and artificial intelligence as a team. This will ensure sustainable and stable production, reducing costs in the future. The structure of this interaction between the two subsystems affects the productivity and efficiency of the entire system, as well as the health, motivation and satisfaction of employees and has a positive impact on future development. It is emphasized that collaboration between humans and machines is aimed at leveraging the unique strengths of each participant. Automation is not about replacing humans, but about expanding their capabilities. This is especially true for tasks that require creativity, critical thinking, and complex decision making – areas that require human intuition and ingenuity. The subject of the study of the Industry 5.0 concept was the new role of people in the production process. The human worker is more connected to information and less vulnerable to attack thanks to technology. The object of the study was digital technologies that help, first of all, to solve the main problem of labor shortages by transferring complex and tedious tasks to robots. This allows people to concentrate and develop more informed management decisions. Thanks to advanced analytics and artificial intelligence, manufacturers can understand the individual needs and preferences of customers. This data is then used to customize products during production, provi¬ding a level of personalization that was previously considered impractical at scale. Mass customization allows for a wider range of product types to be produced without huge amounts of waste and pollution because such customization can be done on the same production lines using reused materials and components. Conclusion. The article summarizes the advantages of Industry 5.0: reduced time and increased efficiency of processes, their visibility and transparency in real time, high customer satisfaction, better occupational safety and greater risk management capabilities, ergonomics and environmental sustainability. The biggest barriers to technology adoption are also highlighted: high investment costs, as well as integration and lack of qualified employees.