БЕЗРОБІТТЯ В УКРАЇНІ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ: АНАЛІТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

Unemployment is an important socio-economic problem for Ukraine, which defends its independence and integrity in the war with the Russian Federation. This is a complex macroeconomic phenomenon of economic life. The war in Ukraine has a detrimental effect on employment in the country. Currently, unemployment is becoming an essential element of life in Ukraine, which affects not only the social but also the economic situation in the country. It remains the focus of the population, the scientific community and the entire European community, and is one of the pressing issues in our home country. Unemployment is a macroeconomic problem caused by factors such as active hostilities, structural changes in the economy, declining economic development, scientific and technological progress, price ratios, seasonal fluctuations in production, insufficient aggregate demand, inflation, imperfect labor legislation, low level of professional training and retraining, inadequate level of employment programs and demographic processes. Considering the current situation in the country, unemployment is an acute problem facing the population of Ukraine in today's conditions. The reason for this is definitely the war for the independence and integrity of our country and at the same time the inefficient use of labor in the past and the lack of economic conditions that would allow people to apply their skills in productive work for a decent fee. That is why this phenomenon is both an economic and a social problem. Unemployment in our country, unfortunately, has become widespread and poses a real threat to state and public welfare. The article analyzes the current state of unemployment in Ukraine during the war and reveals the key reasons that cause it. Classical approaches to the interpretation of unemployment as a socio-economic phenomenon are studied and author’s interpretation of unemployment is outlined. The impact of the war with the Russian Federation on the defense of independence and integrity on the growth of unemployment in Ukraine is considered. Based on official statistics and data from the State Employment Service, an analysis of the level of unemployment and employment in Ukraine was conducted. In particular, the structure of demand for workers in Ukraine before and during the war is outlined, the number of vacancies and unemployed by regions of the country is analyzed, the volume of planned mass layoffs in the short term is revealed. Also, the peculiarities of the labor market in the wartime are studied, the main causes of unemployment in Ukraine are highlighted. Theoretical aspects of regulation of state policy in the field of employment are considered. Ways to overcome unemployment in Ukraine during the war are suggested.