ОЦІНКА ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВІД ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ ТОЧНОГО ЗЕМЛЕРОБСТВА

Abstract

The work describes modern methods and methods of determining the terrain and assessing its economic effect, which include the use of the global positioning system (GPS): with the help of satellite navigation, it is possible to establish an exact position in real time and collect data on the height of points on the field, this data can be used to determine the angle of inclination of the surface; laser scanning: laser scanners that scan the surface of the field and create an accurate three-dimensional model of the relief, which will, among other things, contain information about the angles of inclination of the surface in different parts of the field can be used in STZ; differential geodesy: with the help of special geodetic tools, you can determine the angle of inclination and create a digital model of the terrain; and Remote Sensing: Remote sensing, such as satellite imagery or aerial photography, can also be used in STPs to analyze field topography. With the help of special software, you can process these images and determine the angle of inclination of different sections of the field. The problems of increasing the efficiency of the use of land within the framework of agricultural land use, taking into account the system of precision farming in the process of intensification of agricultural production, are a component of the unified state ecological and economic policy, which ensures the rational use, protection and management of land resources, as well as the formation of information about their natural, legal and economic condition. The general level of growth of costs for cultivation of 1 hectare of field when the slope increases from 2 to 15% varies from 7.6% to 11.38%, depending on the machine unit. An increase in field surface slope between 0% and 20% results in a modest increase in direct operating costs, averaging 0.766%, for each successive percent of slope. According to the obtained data, processing a field with a relief of 15%, relative to a field with a relief of 2%, leads to an increase in the consumption of fuel and fuel-lubricating materials on average, for 5 units of different composition, by 45.5 and 48%, respectively. Other indicators deteriorate by an average of 1.66 – 3.88%. All this, as a result, leads to a significant increase in the direct operating costs of the machine unit for processing one hectare of field.