ПРИЕМЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ КАРТОФЕЛЯ НА ЧЕРНОЗЕМНЫХ ПОЧВАХ ПОВОЛЖЬЯ

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of experimental data on assessing the effect of green manure, mineral fertilizers and biological products on increasing the productivity of potato agrocenoses. Field studies have established that the use of green manure and the biological product flavobacterin has a noticeable stimulating effect on the activation of biological soil processes, improves plant nutrition and their resistance to diseases. This significantly stimulated the production process of potatoes. Thus, the highest indicator of the net productivity of photosynthesis was observed in the variant of experiment N60P60 + flavobacterin against the background of winter rye + green manure mustard - 4.30 g / m2 • day. In turn, the activation of photosynthesis had a positive effect on the production process of crops. According to the research results, the best combination of the structure of the biological yield of potatoes was observed in the variant of experiment N60P60 + flavobacterin in terms of the greening background: the number of plants to be harvested - 48.1 thousand pieces / ha; the number of commercial tubers in one bush - 6.1 pieces; the mass of one tuber is 124 grams and the mass of tubers in one bush is 746 grams. The use of green manure, mineral fertilizers and the biological product flavobacterin had a positive effect on the productivity of potatoes. The highest yield of potato tubers was obtained with the variant N60P60 + flavobacterin on the background of green manure - 35.6 t / ha on average over three years. The use of flavobacterin surpassed in yield even the option with the maximum dose of mineral fertilizers N90P90. The use of a biological product flavobacterin is an effective technique in the technology of potato cultivation on leached chernozem in the Volga region, which ensures the maximum yield of biologically valuable products.