Нагрузки, разрушающие строительные конструкции в результате аварийных взрывов

Abstract

To determine the bearing capacity limits of main structures of buildings and constructions with explosive productions it was analyzed data on destruction and damage rate of various constructive elements of buildings and constructions which took place as due to emergency explosions inside production premises so due to external explosion; it were also used results of tests of structures under the action of explosive loads. The analysis of past accidents shows that one of the most vulnerable spots of brickwork created during construction of buildings are sections at seams which cohesion is often insufficient to provide shearing resistance, breaking strength or resistance to the main tensile stresses. Advantages of large-panel industrial buildings before brick buildings, in regards to their explosion stability, are proved. Recommendations on designing of collapsible reinforced concrete structural frames of buildings with explosive productions are given. Data on bearing capacity of structures of industrial buildings obtained on the basis of materials on emergency explosions, analysis of results of researches stated in literary sources and also data on loadings causing destruction of constructions and structures of various degree and character are presented. Classification of building structures according to their damage rate is given. Data on explosive loads which cause destruction of different types of the main building structures that can be used for creation of the explosion protection system of buildings (using construction methods) with explosive productions are given. Behavior of structures in case of emergency explosions, tests and calculations of structures is defined; permissible loads on the bearing and filler structures with the purpose to obtain the initial data for recommendations on design of buildings for explosive productions is determined.