Нормативно-технические документы, регламентирующие предремонтную подготовку нефтяных резервуаров

Abstract

Purpose. One of the most important stages in working out measures for reducing fire and explosion safety of fire and maintenance works on tanks is a qualitative analysis of regulatory documentation containing fire safety requirements for cleansing tanks. Generalization of fire statistics indicates that half of fires connected with pre-maintenance make-ready occur on tanks after they have been cleaned during hot works. This conclusion determines the need for analyzing technical guidance documents and experience in pre-maintenance make-ready in practice. Methods. The article analyzes technical guidance documents in the field of fire and explosion safety of pre-maintenance make-ready and hot works, presents statistical data, and also summarizes practical experience. Findings. The results of the analysis of technical guidance documents regulating the pre-maintenance make-ready of oil tanks led to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop new regulatory documents containing the correct sequence of pre-maintenance make-ready work of oil tanks for ensuring their fire and explosion safety. Research application field. The analysis and elaboration of the regulatory and technical framework will allow finding a new approach to the methods of pre-maintenance make-ready and hot works for improving fire and explosion safety of oil tank farms. Conclusions. Generalization and analysis of scientific and technical documentation indicates that fire and technical requirements are contradictory and do not fully reflect the necessary issues of ensuring fire and explosion safety. The generalization of practical experience shows that the empirical approach does not allow achieving the required level of fire and explosion safety established by GOST 12.1.004-91. To increase the level of fire and explosion safety, a comprehensive study of fire hazard of pre-maintenance make-ready, an experimental and theoretical justification of the quantitative criteria for tanks readiness for hot works, an analysis of fire and technical requirements for the most common in practice technological operations (ventilation, steaming, hydraulic cleansing) and development of fire and explosion safety requirements for hot works on tanks without their preliminary cleansing are necessary.