Abstract

국내에서 생산량이 많은 도토리화분과 다래화분을 동결 건조하여 일반성분과 지방산 성분을 비교하였으며 전자현미경(SEM)을 통하여 세포벽 구조를 확인하였다. 일반성분 분석결과 도토리화분은 수분 11.7%, 회분 2.6%, 조단백질 24.1%, 조지방 11.8%, 조섬유 1.9%, 탄수화물 함량은 47.9%이었으며, 다래화분은 수분 4.3%, 회분 2.3%, 조단백질 35.8%, 조지방 8.7%, 조섬유 0.8%, 탄수화물 함량은 48.1%였다. 동결건조한 도토리화분의 조단백질 함량은 26.5%로 약 10% 증가하였으나 조섬유 함량은 0.4%로 감소하였고, 동결건조 다래화분의 조단백질과 조지방 함량은 각각 35.7%, 9.1%로 약간 증가하였으나 조섬유 함량은 크게 감소하였다. 도토리화분에는 linoleic acid, 다래화분에는 linolenic acid의 지방산 함량이 가장 높았으며, docosadienoic acid, eicosadienoic acid, erucic acid 등의 지방산은 도토리화분에만 존재하였다. 도토리화분은 단립이며 모양은 장구형(prolate)이고 극면상은 난형이며 발아구는 3구형이다. 또한 다래화분은 단립이며 모양은 아장구형(subprolate)이고 극면상은 원형이며 발아구는 3구형이다. 도토리화분과 다래화분을 동결건조하면 세포벽이 파열되어 세포질이 나출되는 양상을 보였다. Pollens have been known to possess various biological properties. Therefore, pollens have been extensively used in functional food, folk medicine, and beverage industry to improve human health. This study was conducted to establish the optimized protocol for cytoplasm isolation of bee pollen. Data of biochemical parameters and fatty acid profiles were obtained from pollens of Acorn and Darae(Actinidia arguta). Contents of crude protein and crude fat were 24.1% and 11.8% in Acorn pollen, and those of Darae pollen showed 35.8% and 8.7% in crude protein and crude fat respectively. Also after lyophilizing of Acorn pollen, content of crude protein was increased to 26.5%. Main fatty acids were palmitic acid(C16 : 0), oleic acid(C18 : 1), linoleic acid(C18 : 2) and linolenic acid(C18 : 3) in bee pollen. Linoleic acid(37.3%) was dominant fatty acid in Acorn pollen that is one of essential fatty acids. Linolenic acid(48.3%) was dominant fatty acid in Darae pollen that is a polyunsaturated fatty acid. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids to total acid content was 73.2% in Acorn and 63.2% in Darae pollen, and especially that of polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher than 55%.

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