Ефективність застосування поліоксихлориду алюмінію для очищення питної води

Abstract

The article presents the results of research of the effectiveness of aluminum-containing coagulants for the purification of water of the Dnipro River.The surface waters of the Dnipro River basin are characterized by a high content of organic compounds of natural origin, the presence of which determines the coloration of the water and significantly affects the course of its purification processes. If the aluminum sulfate reagent is used to purify such water, there is need to increase the dose of the reagent, which can cause an increase in the content of residual aluminum in the purified water. One of the technological solutions for increasing the efficiency of water purification is the replacement of traditional aluminum sulfate with modern highly effective reagents, in particular aluminum polyoxychloride. Based on the results of expe¬rimental studies, there was conducted a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of aluminum sulfate coagulants and aluminum polyoxychlorides with different degrees of basicity. It was established that for the water of the Dnipro River, which is characterized by a high content of organic substances and coloration, the best results were obtained in case of using aluminum polyoxychloride with a degree of basicity of 35—45%. In general, the efficiency of water purification with polyoxychlorides is higher in comparison with aluminum sulfate according to the following quality indicators: coloration — by 10—15%; turbidity — 10%, total iron content — 20—25%; permangana¬te oxidizability — 15—20%. The regression equation whichdescribe the dependence of the above indicators of the quality of purified water on the dosage of reagentswas developed. On the basis of the methods of optimization of technological processes, it was established that the rational dosage of polyoxychlorides for cleaning slightlytur¬bid colored water of the Dnipro River is about 40—50 mg/dm3, and for aluminum sulfate — 90—100 mg/dm3. The application of mathematical modeling and optimization methods in the practical determination of the rational dosage of coagulants for surface water of different quality makes it possi¬ble to effectively adjust the technological process in order toen¬sure the high quality of drinking water in accordance with regulatory requirements.