Определение характеристик тепловыделения при горении тростника по образованию СО2 и СО в продуктах сгорания

Abstract

Introduction. The release of heat as a result of chemical redox reactions is the basis for the combustion of various material substances. It is known that combustion (fire), as a process of occurrence, its development and attenuation, is determined by the relationship between the rate of heat release as a result of chemical oxidation reactions of a specific material substance and the rate of heat loss into the environment as a result of purely physical heat exchange processes. Taking into account the important scientific and practical importance of heat release parameters (including in the development of new materials, fire protection products, etc.), as well as the absence of expensive calorimeters in everyday practice, the authors tried to show, in particular, using the example of reed, the possibility of using it to determine basic heat release parameters , existing in the Russian Federation, both standard and non-standard laboratory installations for studying the flammability of materials, equipped with CO2, CO and O2 gas analyzers. Goals and objectives. Determination of the basic parameters of heat release during the burning of reed plants, necessary for modeling the occurrence and development of a landscape fire with their participation. Methods. To determine the heat release parameters based on the rate of formation of CO2 and CO in gaseous products during reed burning, an installation of the fire hazard of condensed materials during their thermal decomposition was used. Results and discussion. The results of determining the characteristics of heat release during combustion of a reed plant from the cereal family (common reed Phragmites australis) based on the rate of formation of CO2 and CO in gaseous combustion products under the action of a radiant heat flux of 35 kW/m2 without ignition are presented. It has been shown that individual parts of the plant (spikelets, leaves, stems) react differently to thermal effects. Conclusion. The values of the effective heat of combustion of leaves and stems as a whole, obtained from the formation of carbon oxides, and from the thermocouple method in a calorimetric installation are practically the same. This confirms the adequacy of the application of the method for assessing the characteristics of heat release during the combustion of substances and materials by the formation of CO2 and CO in combustion products. Keywords: reed; heat release; calorific value; mass burnout rate; combustion incompleteness coefficient.