РАЗВИТИЕ УРАЛЬСКОГО ОПТИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКОГО ЗАВОДА ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ 1940-х — СЕРЕДИНЕ 1960-х гг.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development of the Ural Optical-Mechanical Plant (UOMZ) in the conditions of transition to late industrial modernization. The relevance of the problem under consideration is due to the presence of some analogies between the patterns of the period of transition to late industrial modernization in the USSR and the current trends of the formation of a post-industrial society. The characteristic features of the socio-economic development in the period under study were the science intensity of production, the creation of new materials, military-technical progress, and the development of the space industry. The authors proceeded from the principles of modernization theory. Research methods of high priority were historical-comparative, narrative, causal, problem-chronological. After the war, Plant No. 217 (since 1964 — Ural Optical and Mechanical Plant) produced optical devices for the military-industrial complex, the space industry, aviation, and construction. Some of the enterprise’s products were exported. The plant reached the level of the fourth technological order on the basis of conveyor mechanized and automated production. In the second half of the 1940s — middle 1960s, the plant, as part of the scientific and industrial cluster of the region, mastered new technologies: the manufacture of glassintensive devices and optoelectronic devices of the laser rangefinder family, new methods of glass casting. UOMZ developed cooperation with scientific and educational institutions of the industry, design bureaus, the USSR Academy of Sciences, design and technological institutions.