Концепция применения адаптивной штанговой распределительной системы малогабаритного одноопорного опрыскивателя

Abstract

A small-size sprayer with vertical oscillations of the distributor boom without complex copying and compensating devices does not provide quality spraying. Primary seed production requires the development of new approaches to ensure the spreading accuracy of plant protection products (PPP). For this purpose the concept of application of adaptive distribution system of a small-size boom sprayer is proposed and theoretically substantiated. Field experiments with the use of a single-axis boom sprayer of the wheelbarrow type were carried out. The theoretical description of conditions of fulfillment of the spraying operation in relation to violation of the scheme of distribution of working liquid is given. Optimization of values of current frontal angles of the spraying torch is carried out. It has been established that the average range of vertical vibrations of the boom of a single-legged sprayer, like a wheelbarrow, ranges from 16° to 29°. A hypothesis has been proposed to increase the uniformity of distribution of liquid preparations. This is achieved by controlling the geometry of the spray pattern. Analytical dependences of the influence of the geometric parameters of the sprayer and the angle of its transverse inclination on the formed width of the processed strip and the required spray pattern angle were found. A nomogram and operational schedule of sprayer operating modes for the adaptive sprayer distribution system have been developed. With a base spray angle of 110°, the permissible limits for the width of the processing strip; with a lower tilt of the boom, a spray angle of 85° is provided, and with an upper tilt, 135 to 145°. The use of the original balancing device reduces the vertical boom oscillation range up to 14°. The difference in the values of the coefficient of variation of the transverse distribution of the working fluid, at typical and adaptive orientation of the planes of the spray-cone angle in the model experiment was 9.5%. The proposed hypothesis is confirmed.