МЕТОДИКА ОЦЕНКИ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ПОЧВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПРИАЭРОДРОМНОЙ ТЕРРИТОРИИ)

Abstract

The paper deals with the problem of an objective assessment of the geoecological situation of the aerodrome environs according to standard methods used for calculating the total indicator taking into consideration the excess of the maximum permissible or background concentrations of pollutants. We propose a method for calculating a complex indicator that can take into account heterogeneous characteristics of soil pollution: the multiplicity of excess of conditionally natural background concentrations, the frequency of exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants, their hazard class, the soil use category and ability of soils to regenerate. For this, we used transition from numerical values of soil pollution parameters to a vector space. The complex indicator of soil pollution involves totaling the lengths of vectors of established priority pollutants that have a high or extremely high impact on soil pollution according to a set of heterogenous parameters. The priority scale of pollutants is based on well-known scientifically grounded gradations of soil pollution parameters. With the help of standard and the proposed methods for calculating integral soil pollution, the geoecological situation was determined at a distance of up to 8,4 km from the reference point of the aerodrome during its regular operation and during reconstruction. The proposed combined indicator of soil pollution differs from the existing ones with greater accuracy and objectivity.