«Двойное отрицание» в русском языке: лингводидактический и лингвокультурологический аспекты

Abstract

Analyzing the so-called “double negation”, that is, the construction of strengthening negation, in the linguistic and didactic aspect, the authors note that in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language, the construction of “double negation” is explained in two ways, depending on the native language of the students. When explaining the model, native Chinese speakers need to pay attention to the replacement of pronouns and adverbs, like все (all), всегда (always), везде (everywhere), with negative verbs to negative with the prefix ни (no): никто (nobody), никогда (never), нигде (nowhere), because the Chinese language consciousness does not accept a negative modification of the statement, normative for Russian. The article presents linguistic and conditionally-communicative exercises that contribute to the automation and introduction of this structural model into active speech. Difficulties in the development of this construction, associated precisely with its specificity, are due, according to the authors, primarily to the very possibility of strengthening the negation, its repetition, indicating the specificity of Russian linguistic and cultural consciousness. Considering the construction of “double negation” in the linguistic and culture study aspect, the authors note that its “pleonasm” indicates, on the one hand, the importance of negation for the Russian linguistic consciousness, and on the other hand, the subtle differentiation of logically comparable situations with subjects all / no, etc. Techniques for working with Russian constructions are seen in the mirror of the Chinese language.