Тематический горизонт исследования языковой реальности: контекст неклассической философии языка

Abstract

The article defines the specifics of the non-classical paradigm of the philosophy of language, in the problematic field of which the language is presented as a creative process and a form of development of the spirit, spiritual creativity and acquisition the truth. Revealing the specifics of the non-classical stage of the philosophy of language, within the limits of which the language is characterized as creative processuality, the author shows that the energy of the spirit, manifesting its spontaneity in the language, unattainable in its spontaneity, makes the language alive. It is shown that the philosophy of language as an independent science begins the countdown with the works of W. von Humboldt, while at an earlier stage, language was the subject of analysis in the context of general epistemological issues. The author analyzes the role of F. de Saussure in the development of the philosophy of language, reveals the role of the linguistic revolution in the transformation of the paradigm of the metaphysics of language. It is shown that, starting from the linguistic turn, a new problematic is introduced into the philosophy of language: an approach has been formed in the problem field of non-classical philosophy, within which the language was given the status of an alternative to the Cartesian cogi-to. It was the linguistic turn that was the stage of transition to the new problems of the philosophy of language, which made the subject of study the contexts and premises of utterances, objectified language structures, the polysemy and everyday functioning of the language, the functions of the language (including political functions). A departure from the epistemological and psychological component of research is associated with a linguistic turn, interest in the meaning and meaning was formed, and the language itself was interpreted as the ultimate ontological basis of thinking. Structuralism, hermeneutics, linguistic philosophy turned to the study of language. As a result of the linguistic turn, philosophical problems acquired a different orientation and began to search for philosophical problems through an appeal to the ontology of linguistic phenomena.