Abstract
The degree of autocratic power influence on the complex process of the national education system formation in the 19th century is being investigated. It is noted that the domestic education system formation coincided with the deep processes of the great Russian culture formation. Having synthesized the achievements of European socio-political thought and the idea of humanism, the spiritual and moral foundations of Orthodoxy, it gave the world a special form of cultural values that have become a significant contribution to the world culture. These historical processes have largely predetermined the need to revise the attitude of the state in the issue of public education and the development of education. The authorities faced a difficult task, it was necessary to carry out large-scale transformations while maintaining the inviolability of the state’s monopoly in the field of autocratic ideology.
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