ПРОБЛЕМА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПІДТРИМКИ МАТЕРИНСТВА І ДИТИНСТВА В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ВИХОВНІЙ ТРАДИЦІЇ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the ethnopedagogical researches on the problem of support of motherhood and childhood in the Ukrainian educational tradition. It turns out that the study of psychologists and ethnographic data on the development of children in different societies contributed to overcoming the dominant long time of representations of childhood as a “natural stage”, which possesses certain universal properties for all time and peoples. Being a sociocultural phenomenon, childhood has a specific historical character and a history of development.The situation of the child in the Ukrainian family of the past was ambiguous. Despite the desire to have children, disparaging attitude towards infertile women, child abuse was often severe, repressive methods of education were used. That childhood was fast-moving. At the age of three, children were deprived of guardianship by the elders, and from the age of four, they were actively involved into working life. Actually, this can be traced in the terminology of the designation of a child of all ages, as discussed above. It was complicated by the lives of illegitimate children, who often did not have any rights. Somewhat better was the situation of orphans. The ethnographic, historical works of the past describe in detail the life of the Ukrainian child. At the same time, we must note that modern ethnopedagogical studies often mimic the Ukrainian family and raise children in it.That is why, we believe, there is a need for an objective study of the place of the child and the role of childhood in the Ukrainian educational tradition.