다문화 청소년의 차별경험, 스트레스, 자아존중감의 잠재프로파일 분류 및 영향요인 검증

Abstract

This study aimed to identify latent profiles of discrimination experience, stress, and self-esteem among multicultural Korean adolescents and to test the effects of bicultural identity, family ethnic socialization, multicultural attitudes of teachers, and the multicultural climate of schools on latent profile membership. We used the data from the Multicultural Adolescent Adjustment Panel (2017). The sample consisted of 358 Korea-born multicultural adolescents (aged 12-13) living with Korean fathers and immigrant mothers. Latent profile analyses on discrimination experience, stress, and self-esteem identified four profiles: maladaptive, vulnerable, adaptive, and resilient. Logistic regression showed that multicultural adolescents with a high level of family ethnic socialization and positive multicultural attitudes of teachers were more likely to be included in the adaptive group (versus maladaptive group), and multicultural adolescents with a positive multicultural climate of one’s school were more likely to be included in the resilient group (versus vulnerable group). Results demonstrated the usefulness of the person-oriented perspective, suggesting that there may be heterogeneous groups within multicultural adolescents. This study also provided practical implications for multicultural adolescents by identifying the protective role of the school’s positive multicultural climate in a positive psychological adjustment in the context of high discrimination.