Abstract
The article analyses the general theoretical research devoted to the problems of creating figurative artistic means. Various points of view on the concepts of figures of speech, tropes, and the principles of their classification are considered. Special attention is paid to metaphor as the trope most often used by the poet. The research material was the poetic works of M. Matusovsky from different years. The types of metaphor according to its grammatical design were distinguished: nominal (genitive and adjectival) and verbal. Complex metaphors called polystructural were analysed. Personifications as artistic and visual means are differentiated depending on the objects of personification. The detailed personification was considered, on the basis of which the image of the whole picture was constructed. Eight groups of metonymic phrases were studied, including metonymy based on “situational nomination”. Synecdoche, represented by four forms of expression, was analysed as a kind of metonymy
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