Калійний режим чорнозему типового за різного удобрення та обробітку ґрунту

Abstract

Goal. Investigation of the influence of fertilizer systems and basic soil cultivation in short-rotation crop rotation on the formation of a fund of moving potassium in the chernozem of the typical deep and its transformation processes for the long-term application of fertilizers and cultivation of soil. Methods. Field, analytical, statistical using the main statistical criteria. Results . The influence of fertilizer systems on the potash regime of typical chernozem in grain-cutting crop rotation is shown. Long-term cultivation of crops by organic fertilizer system reduced the content of exchangeable potassium. Fertilization ensured a uniform growth compared with the control of potassium content for the mineral fertilizer system. The total removal of potassium in crop rotation in the organic fertilizer system was set at 180 kg / ha. The application of the mineral fertilizer system reduced the annual deficit of potassium in the soil to 105 kg / ha, with a balance intensity of up to 75%. The use of field-free cultivation of soil in an arable layer of exchangeable potassium contributes to its greater accumulation than the field cultivation. The possibility of economically, technically grounded introduction of fertilizer in the soil protection crop rotation in the conditions of typical chernozem of the forest-steppe of Ukraine is established. The productivity of crop rotation during the cultivation was 9.8 t/ha. The application of free-field with a simultaneous cracking freezing of soil cultivation was 8.8 t/ha of k.o.