Оцінка ліній-відновників фертильності соняшнику за пилкоутворювальною здатністю та автофертильністю

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An important link in solving the problems faced before the heterosis selection regarding the accelerated creation of high-yield sunflower hybrids and their introduction into the production is the development of new techniques for the self-pollinated lines selection that will allow purposeful selection of parent pairs for crossbreeding. The evaluation of sunflower lines according to pollen-forming ability will not only facilitate this selection, but also help to avoid the obviously low-yield crossbreeding combinations. The variation level of lines according to the number of flowers in the main sunflower head, the number of pollen grains in the main and lateral flower heads, the number of pollen grains from the central head, the diameter of the pollen grains and the weight of pollen from the main and central heads have been examined in the course of the research. Analysing the data it has been found that the maximum number of flowers in the sunflower head was observed in such lines as 07-13 (4956 pieces ); 07-39 (4680 pieces ); Х-526В (4488 pieces ); Х-134В (4476 pieces ) , and the minimum number of flowers was observed in the lines 07-3 (1188 pieces ); 07-47 (1284 pieces ); 730-07 (1368 pieces ). The following lines had the largest weight of 1000 seeds from the head: Х06129В (62.5 g ); 738-07 and Х-526В (62 g ) and Х06127В (60 g ). The lines Х-526В (27.24 g ); 738-07 (17.26 g ) and Х-135В (33.53 g ) also contained the maximum weight of seeds from the head . The maximum number of seeds from the head was observed in the lines Х-135В (721.14 pieces ); 07-11 (508.4 pieces ); 07-17 (507.32 pieces ); Х06118В (475.67 pieces ), and the minimum number was in the lines 757-07 (122.2 pieces ); Х-144В (135.12 pieces ); 748-07 (136.98 pieces ) and Х06129В (152.2 pieces ). The highest percentage of seed - setting rate was in the lines 07-47 (27.1 %); 07-3 (22.73 %); 07-74 (22.21 %); Х-135В (20.94 %), and the minimum one was in 757-07 (3.33 %); Х-397В (4.0 %); Х06129В (4.26 %) and Х-144В (4.56 %) lines. Thus, the results obtained from the study of self-fertilization and productivity of lines fully confirmed the literary data on the relationship between the yield capacity and the percentage of the seed-setting rate.