ФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ СУТЬ СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЯ БЕТОНА И ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОНА ОТ ДИСЛОКАЦИЙ ДО ТРЕЩИН

Abstract

The physical essence of resistance of concrete and reinforced concrete from dislocations, micro-cracks to macro-cracks and its experimental justification is investigated. For the "eight" structure of crystals of different materials (concrete and steel) a general model in the form of a sphere was developed. For it the summation of volume sectors, levels - radii from the matrix of sliding planes (including octahedral and pure shear) is written down. This uses an alternative to the theory of plasticity in the form of energy interpretation on the surface of the sphere and determining the integral of the mean square of the tangential stresses. It is important to obtain dislocations in the microcrack, angular and linear deformations, and displacements in a representative volume of the concrete cube. As the intensity increases, the deformation process proceeds already to the mainline cracks, where the double-concole elements of tension, compression, transverse shear and torsion (its internal parameters) are refined. Significant issues are the dilatation modulus and transverse coefficient, for which functions have been developed at the stages of the stress-strain state of concrete during the evolution of the transition from crack formation to main cracks. Concrete compression and tension diagrams for strain intensity or minimum pure shear use shear stresses. The fundamental difference of the stress diagram in the downward section is the use of the ultimate resistance of the concrete. Stress reduction in a material whose failure has a "tear-off" character is an unnatural phenomenon, and the limiting resistance of concrete at and reduction of prism strength at the i-th step is . The deformation pattern of concrete during the formation of earlier microcracks and then later main cracks is oriented along for compression or across the loading line for tensile force.