Влияние международного технологического разделения труда на экологическую и промышленную безопасность

Abstract

At present, an international division of labor, as a rule, does not take into account neither the climatic specifics of the territory nor socio-cultural characteristics of resources of the local population. The possibility of such a division of labor within the framework of liberal theory of economics is proved by the concept of comparative costs, according to which the role of each country in the international division of labor should be determined by its ability to produce a product with economic costs that are less than in other countries. This concept does not allow to organize environmentally friendly use of resources of the biosphere as a holistic body, what leads to an increase in environmental problems, not only in those countries, which are diverted with the status of the environmental colonies. Taking into consideration that, in a globalized economy, there exists the interdependence of countries in the field of environmental and industrial safety, the authors propose to use the institution of natural sovereignty in an international investment policy. Within the framework of the proposed institute, each state should build a policy of resources, taking into account both ecological and economic interests of its people and those general biosphere limits that guarantee the liveability of the biosphere for the world community as a whole. The institution of natural sovereignty, according to the authors, will serve as the basis for the formation of the responsibility of each state for the environmentally safe development of both its country and the entire world community. At the same time, the adoption of this concept will require the formation of outlook sharing the conviction that the biosphere exists in the system of planetary dependencies, the breach of which leads to the destruction of its livability and the death of civilization.