Abstract
The objective of this study is to contribute to the current development theory and development policy debate. The aim is to illuminate controversies within international trade theory over the explanation of structural changes in the international division of labor and the assumption that specialization is beneficial to all participants. The starting point of this inquiry is the conventional theory of comparative advantage. In recent years, some new explanations have emerged, aimed at qualifying the determination of comparative advantage. Furthermore, there are approaches that oppose altogether specialization based on comparative advantage. These various theoretical accounts are presented in order to find concepts and categories to describe the changing pattern of the international division of industrial labor.
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