Abstract
The article is devoted to combating corruption in the penal system. It compares the historical period of the USSR penitentiary system in the 1940s–1950s with the current state. The article was based on archival documents, statistical data, domestic and foreign legislation, scientific, monographic and educational publications on the issues under study. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the social and economic significance of the fight against corruption, the need for constant study of corruption manifestations through comparative legal and historical analysis to prevent the negative consequences of corruption and minimize its consequences. The methodological basis of the research is organized on the dialectical approach of cognition using the following main methods: analysis and synthesis, comparative legal, formal legal and statistical methods. In the course of the research, the state of the penitentiary system of the USSR in the 1940s–1950s was examined, the concept and types of costs of corruption, the main forms of their manifestation in the postwar years were studied. The post-war and current state of losses from corruption is analyzed, attention is drawn to the high level of latency of corruption crimes throughout all time periods. The tools of the system of methods for reducing costs and combating the corruption were studied, the most suitable foreign mechanisms for combating the corruption manifestations were identified. The study resulted in the main directions and principles of planning measures to prevent the corruption in the penal system of the Russian Federation. The significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results for minimizing corruption risks in the service activities of personnel of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The result of the work is determined by the conclusion about the need for an integrated scientific and systematic approach to countering the corruption both in a separate state department and in the Russian state as a whole. Key words: corruption, costs of corruption, penitentiary system, anti-corruption measures.
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