Диагностика опухолей сердца у собак с клиническими признаками перикардиального выпота

Abstract

Dogs of the Labrador breed are most predisposed to the formation of a heart tumor (30 %), while no clear correlation was found in other breeds. The experimental group represents a rather small and diverse breed base, which makes reliable identification of breed predisposition difficult. In most cases, cells without sharp signs of atypia were observed in the effusion fluid (80 %), in 30 % of cases the cells had pronounced atypia, and in 30 % reactive mesothelium was found in smears. It is important to note that reactive mesothelium is not a reliable marker of a tumor process, since it can be normal during proliferation, as well as cell atypia, which is often observed with constant and active mitostatic processes. The most informative method is histology and echocardiography. In 8 out of 10 cases, histological examination confirmed a cardiac tumor, while in 8 out of 10 cases the tumor was visualized on echocardiography. Cytological examination gave reasons to suspect a tumor in 3 out of 10 cases of mesothelioma or absence of visualization on echocardiography, but at present there are no methods capable of differentiating mesothelioma cells from reactive mesothelium either cytologically or histologically.