Проблемные вопросы управления Федеральной противопожарной службой и пожарной охраной других видов

Abstract

Introduction. The activities of fire and rescue units can be conditionally divided into extinguishing a large number of ordinary fires and single large fires. Considering these categories of fires from the point of view of economic efficiency and ensuring the level of combat readiness of fire departments, a decision tree model is proposed to identify the most promising ways to develop the organization. The functioning of fire and rescue units within the garrison is studied from the standpoint of assessing the long-term cyclical development of the organization, taking into account various external and internal factors. The tasks of the research are to identify problematic issues of management of fire and rescue units of the Federal Fire Service and fire protection units of other types stationed on the territory of the fire and rescue garrison, taking into account the scale of fires and evaluating the effectiveness of the organization of activities. Methods. Big Data technologies based on the methods of mathematical statistics of the software modules Panda and NumPy of the high-level programming language Python 3 are applied. The "Decision Tree" method implemented by means of the sklearn Python module and the packages CHAID and rpart of the programming language for statistical data processing R is used. Results and discussion. The frequency of occurrence of large fires, when the involvement of almost all available forces and means of the fire and rescue garrison is required, is about one case for an interval of 4-5 years. The number of ordinary fires during the same time is approximately 100-130 thousand cases. Such a ratio of ordinary and large fires is a source of significant contradiction and leads to a number of problematic issues related to the organization of management of Federal Fire Service units, as well as units of other types of fire protection. To study the proposed issues in the context of comparing the categories of economic efficiency and the level of combat readiness of units, the "decision tree" method was applied. Conclusions. The analysis of the results of the functioning of the fire and rescue garrison at the limit of permissible possibilities arising in the process of eliminating a large fire shows that all the management structures of the garrison are affected and, based on the results of the study of the actions of the garrison units, objective prerequisites for a leap (qualitative) reform of the management system can be formed. Keywords: large fire, operational activity, busy time, mobile fire and rescue equipment, fire extinguishing devices, histogram, decision tree.