Пожаробезопасность полигонов твёрдых коммунальных отходов

Abstract

Introduction. The article analyzes the main indicators of fire hazard of municipal solid waste landfills. Using the regression analysis method, the presence of a relationship between the duration of fire elimination and the area of the landfill was checked. The mechanism of combustion propagation in the thickness of municipal waste and the main substances involved have been determined. The dependence of the time of elimination of these fires on the depth of the sources of combustion is compiled. Based on the model and analysis results a fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing fires at municipal solid waste landfills has been proposed. The purpose of the study is to determination the main characteristics of fire safety of municipal solid waste landfills and their analysis using a regression model. Research methods. To obtain the results, general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition were used: analysis, synthesis, similarity theory, thermal combustion theory, regression model. The results of the study. By analyzing the results of regression analysis, it was found that the greatest impact on the duration of fire extinguishing of landfills of municipal solid waste from the above factors is the depth of the sources of combustion. This is due to the fact that municipal solid waste landfills burn primarily gases emitted during the decomposition of waste, which fill the thickness of municipal solid waste, so the lower the source of combustion lies from the surface, the greater the volume of combustible gases that can participate in the combustion process. Conclusion. Using regression analysis methods, the dependence of the fire extinguishing time of municipal solid waste landfills on the depth of the fire source was developed. The analysis of the obtained dependence allows us to assert that an increase in the depth of the fire source by 1 m provokes an increase in the fire extinguishing time by an average of 2,76 h . However, it should be noted that this dependence is applicable if surface fire extinguishing means are used during extinguishing. Consideration of substances involved in fires at municipal solid waste landfills allows us to conclude that in more than 74 % of fires, polymeric materials and wood waste burn. Keywords: municipal solid waste landfills; volumetric fire extinguishing; confined spaces; gas-phase combustion; ecology.