СУЧАСНІ БІЗНЕС-КОМУНІКАЦІЇ З ПРЕДСТАВНИКАМИ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ КРАЇН: ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ КРОС-КУЛЬТУРНИЙ АНАЛІЗ

Abstract

The article outlines the main theoretical aspects of communications in general, as well as business communications in particular. The difference between business communications and traditional communicative interaction in modern society is indicated. The concept of the terms "communication" and "business communication" is given. A diagram of the communication process is presented, its components are characterized: sender, recipient and message. The existing main types of business communications are described, as well as methods and models of communicative interaction (linear, transactional, circular). The types and forms of communications are presented. The main forms of business communications are characterized: conversation, negotiations, dispute, meeting, etc. The existing types of business cultures are described, according to the Lewis classification (monoactive, polyactive, reactive), and their features are described. The main features for conducting a cross-cultural analysis of the specifics of business communications in European countries have been identified, namely: attitude to time and business, features of organizing meetings, features of conducting meetings, language used, features of choosing a partner, attitude to dress code, attitude to presentation business cards, attitude towards gifts, etc. Modern types of business cultures inherent in various European countries are identified. For a cross-cultural analysis of the characteristics of business communications, the business culture and business etiquette of such countries as: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, France, Greece, etc. were analyzed. It has been established that in European countries two main types of business culture models predominate: mono-active and poly-active. In countries with a mono-active business culture (Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Belgium, Latvia, etc.), business communications are quite strictly regulated, punctuality, formalism, strict hierarchy and adherence to traditions are important, conservatism. In countries with a multi-active business culture, business communications are less formalized, openness and friendliness, the establishment of close friendly relations, etc. are valued. It has been proven that for successful intercultural interaction in business, the language of communication, awareness of the picture of the world (judgments and stereotypes, behavior patterns, attitudes towards life and work, etc.) of the country from which the interlocutor arrives and directly in which communication is carried out, compliance customs and principles of business culture and business etiquette of the host country