Анализ результатов хирургического лечения макулярного разрыва при использовании аутоплазмы, обогащенной тромбоцитами (prp), в сравнении с методом вакуумного сопоставления краев разрыва при помощи канюли с силиконовым наконечником

Abstract

Purprose. To conduct a comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of macular rupture by vacuum comparison of the edges of the rupture using a cannula with a silicone tip, as well as using platelet-enriched autoplasm (PRP) with subsequent air tamponade of the vitreal cavity. Material and methods. A retrospective study of the medical histories of patients treated at the CHF MNTK MHG from 2017 to 2021, with a diagnosis of a through macular rupture, was conducted. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the method of surgical treatment of macular rupture. Patients of group I (control, 44 eyes) with maximum corrected visual acuity before surgery 0.06 ± 0.01; the method of vacuum matching of the rupture edges was performed using a cannula with a silicone tip. In group II (45 eyes) with the maximum corrected visual acuity before surgery 0.09 ± 0.07, platelet-enriched autoplasm (PRP) was used. Results and discussion. The dynamics of visual acuity after surgery in group I after 1 month was 0.1 ± 0.03; after 6 months – 0.1 ± 0.03; after 12 months – 0.1 ± 0.03. In group II, after 1 month, it was 0.26 ± 0.05; after 6 months – 0.3 ± 0.017; after 12 months – 0.5 ± 0.04. When conducting a comparative analysis with the control group, we observed a significant increase in ICOS at the time of 1 and 12 months (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Surgical treatment of macular ruptures using platelet-enriched autoplasm (PRP) is a low-traumatic, highly effective method that allows not only anatomical closure of the macular rupture, but also to improve the functional parameters of the operated eye. Keywords: macular rupture, cannula with silicone tip, PRP, OCT.