ПРОБЛЕМИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ АТ «УКРЗАЛІЗНИЦЯ» В УМОВАХ ЛІБЕРАЛІЗАЦІЇ РИНКУ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ

Abstract

The article deals with the liberalization of markets natural monopolies, in particular, rail transport services. It is established that in Ukraine the liberalization processes have gained implementation in recent years, including in the field of regulation foreign exchange transactions, electricity supply and the market of freight cars. The state and development trends of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” are analyzed and the main problems inherent in the railway industry are revealed. The most catastrophic manifestations were such problems as: a decrease in the share of railway transport enterprises in the transport market of the country; increased wear and tear of rolling stock and railway infrastructure; reduction of the rolling stock fleet of railway transport; an increase in the length of unsuitable railway infrastructure; exceeding the rate of write-off of rolling stock fleet over the pace of its renewal; strengthening the problem of understaffing and shortage of personnel for operational activities; loss of passenger traffic; deterioration of financial results of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”; a decrease in the quality performance of rolling stock and the like. The views of experts on the prospects of liberalization of the traction services market and the consequences of its implementation are considered. Priorities of the development railway transport and priority measures for their achievement in the liberalization conditions of the market railway transportations are found out. Now strategic priorities of development railway transport are: achievement of steady competitive positions of railway transport in the national and international markets; satisfaction of needs of consumers in transportations by rail in due volume and high quality; achievement of investment appeal of railway transport; formation of the devoted and intellectually developed team of workers; achievement of innovative and technological leadership of railway transport; formation of innovation-developed and technically advanced production and repair base of railway transport development; improving energy and resource efficiency of business processes on railway transport, etc. Their achievement depends on the effect of threats posed by liberalisation of the rail market, and a set of effective measures for their implementation.